The Digital Whale

Section

Social media and communication

Wellbeing, relationships, misinformation and the way people talk to each other now.

This is the part of the subject where competent researchers most openly disagree. Correlational analyses of very large samples find effects close to zero; quasi-experiments and deactivation trials find small but real ones. Both are reported here without resolution, because the disagreement is the honest state of the field rather than a gap to paper over. For a workplace-oriented example of technology measurement in practice, see this guide.

The literature genuinely disagrees with itself here, and the disagreement is the finding.

Evidence at a glance — every finding in this section, graded
ArticleFindings Strong / mixed / weak
How everyday communication changed
Traditional calls and texts are in measured decline while app messaging and calling carry several times the volume, but the effects on comprehension are barely measured.
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Who actually sees and shares false content
Fake news exposure and sharing are concentrated in a tiny minority of users and amount to a fraction of a per cent of what people consume.
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Relationships that start online
Meeting online has become the single most common route into a US couple, and no outcome study finds those relationships are worse or shorter.
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Whether an online presence changes hiring
There is no controlled evidence that personal branding works, and the measurable effects of an online presence on callbacks run through discrimination.
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What social media does to people
The best correlational studies bound the effect near zero and the best experiments find a small negative one, and the disagreement between them is unresolved.
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